Classification
The “Explore” column of the CLOSM Library allows users to search only for publications that meet certain criteria, organized into eight categories:
· Theme
· Areas of intervention or study
· Minority language group(s)
· Study population
· Abstracts, summaries, or thematic issues
· Country
· Canadian province or territory
· Year of publication
For the first five categories, explanations are provided below on how the documents were classified.
Theme
The documents compiled are classified according to the main themes they address, based on the analytical framework "Organizing Knowledge " (hyperlink to be inserted) developed by Louise Bouchard and Jacinthe Savard, in the context of work carried out by the Chaire de recherche de l’Université d’Ottawa et de l’Institut du savoir Montfort sur la santé des francophones de l’Ontario (2019-2024). The documents are classified under these themes according to the following criteria:
STATE OF RESEARCH AND METHODOLOGICAL ISSUES
The document analyzes the state of research on the health in the OLMCs or certain difficulties in conducting research on this topic, factors to be considered, or possible solutions (e.g., research on small populations, definition of Francophones, etc.).
LEGAL AND POLITICAL ENVIRONMENT
Linguistic laws, regulations, and health policies
The document discusses language laws, regulations, and policies concerning the language of health and social services.
Governance
The document describes the type of governance of health and social services offered to OLMCs (e.g., model by and for, Francophone health board, planning agency, etc.).
Community action
The document discusses community consultation and mobilization around the need for French-language health services.
HEALTH AND DETERMINANTS
Health determinants
The document provides data on the sociodemographic profiles, community vitality, and health determinants/lifestyle habits of the minority group.
Health states
The document provides data on the prevalence of certain health or mental health issues in the minority group.
SERVICES
Practices and models for minority-language service delivery
The document describes organizational practices that improve the provision (and active offer) of services in the official language in minority situations. Linguistically and culturally adapted care models: Designated agencies, navigators/interpreters, telehealth. Management practices: managers' awareness and perception of minority official language services, their scope of action to improve these services. Active offer: active offer practices and their implementation by healthcare practitioners and organizations.
Tools / Programs / Resources
The document describes assessment tools, prevention programs, and information resources for patients that are available in French and whose implementation has been documented in a minority official language context, as well as tools and resources to facilitate or evaluate the implementation of services in a minority official language.
Access, availability, and continuity of care
The document provides data on access to services in the official language in a minority situation or on measures to improve the availability and continuity of these services in order to promote access. This data serves as performance indicators for the healthcare system.
Quality and safety of care
The document provides data on the quality and safety of services in the official minority language (e.g., objective data on the consequences of language barriers, number of adverse events for services in the official minority language vs. in the majority language, data on improvements in the quality of services when offered in the official minority language). This data serves as performance indicators for the healthcare system.
HUMAN RESOURCES
Distribution, recruitment, retention
The document focuses on the identification (e.g., number of Francophone or bilingual practitioners, methods for identifying them), distribution (e.g., number by geographic region), recruitment, and retention of human resources who can provide services in the official minority language, as well as factors that facilitate or hinder recruitment or retention (e.g., perceived work overload).
Education, training
The document discusses training to prepare human resources to provide services in the minority official language (e.g., professional training in the minority language, active offer training, language development).
Values, attitudes, experiences
The document explores the values or attitudes of practitioners and managers toward services in the minority official language, as well as the challenges they encounter in providing services in the minority official language.
EXPERIENCE OF CARE AND SERVICES
Demand, preference, satisfaction
This document addresses the demand, preferences, and attitudes of OLMC members toward the language of health services or the steps individuals take to obtain services in their language. This theme also includes documents that address OLMC members' satisfaction with services and the language of services.
Linguistic barriers
This document discusses the experience of language barriers and their consequences from the users' perspective.
Perceptions on health and services
This document deals with general perceptions of health and services (not related to a specific experience of using services).
Areas of intervention or study
Documents that focus on a specific area of care are classified according to the following criteria:
ACCORDING TO THE CONTINUUM OF CARE / TYPES OF SERVICES
Prevention / Health promotion
The document deals with health promotion or public health programs, including screening activities, activities to break isolation, etc.
Primary health care
The document deals with primary health care services (e.g., access to family doctors, community pharmacies, community health centers, etc.).
Medical, pharmaceutical, or diagnostic services
The document deals with access to doctors, pharmacists, surgeries, diagnostic imaging services, etc.
Rehabilitation services
The document deals with rehabilitation services (e.g., physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy, certain types of psychotherapy, etc.).
Long-term or end-of-life care
The document deals with long-term care, palliative care, or support for people requiring this type of care, etc.
Home care
The document deals with home care services and community support for older adults or people with chronic illnesses and their caregivers.
Social or community services
The document deals with social or community services related to health, without being specific to any of the areas mentioned above.
Telehealth
The document deals with services provided remotely (e.g., telemedicine, telerehabilitation, etc.).
ACCORDING TO CERTAIN SPECIALTIES
Mental and cognitive health
The document addresses the prevalence of psycho-emotional problems (e.g., depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, addiction) or cognitive problems (e.g., intellectual disability, dementia), or services offered in these areas in a minority language context.
Sexual and reproductive health
The document discusses sexual and reproductive health services (except pregnancy, which has its own category). It will include, for example, STD and AIDS prevention and treatment, sexuality education, sexuality for newly parents, in vitro fertilization, etc., in a minority language context.
Pregnancy and neonatal care
The document covers pregnancy monitoring services and birth monitoring services (neonatal care) in minority language contexts.
Language
The document deals with topics related to speech therapy or psycholinguistics (e.g., factors influencing the linguistic or cognitive assessment of bilingual individuals and/or those in minority language situations).
Nutrition / Diabetes / Digestive System
The document discusses the prevalence of nutritional deficiencies, diabetes, or digestive problems and the services offered in these areas in a minority language context.
Minority language groups
Documents are classified according to whether they provide data on one or the other of these groups:
Francophones in minority situations
The document deals with the health or health services of French-speaking populations in Canada outside Quebec.
Anglophones in minority situations
The document deals with the health or health services of English-speaking populations in Canada living in Quebec.
Other OLMCs
The document deals with the health or health services of official language minority populations in countries other than Canada.
Indigenous languages of Canada
The document deals with the health or health services of Aboriginal language populations in Canada.
Allophones
In addition to data on the official language populations of a country, the document provides data on the health or health services of people who speak a language other than the official languages.
Study population
Documents that provide data on the health of the population or access to services are classified according to whether they provide data on one or the other of these groups:
General population
The document provides data on the health of the adult population or services for this population. This includes studies that include younger or older populations with the adult population (e.g., survey of persons aged 15 and over).
Children (0-12 years)
The document provides specific data on the health of children aged 12 and under or services for this population.
Student population (secondary and postsecondary) or young adults
The document provides specific data on the health of student populations (secondary and postsecondary), usually between the ages of 12 and 25, sometimes up to 30, or services for this population.
Older adults
The document provides specific data on the health of people over 65 (sometimes 60 or older) or services for this population.
Newcomers/Immigrants
The document provides specific data on the health of people who are new to the country or on the health of people born outside the country, regardless of how long ago they immigrated, or on services for these populations.
Specific populations (minority, racialized, marginalized, etc.)
The document provides specific data on certain groups not already included above (e.g., ethnic or racialized minorities, the LGBTQ2s community, people with disabilities, people living with AIDS, people experiencing homelessness, sex workers, incarcerated individuals, etc.).
Women's health
The document provides specific data on women's health or services for this population.
Men's health
The document provides specific data on men's health or services for this population.
Abstracts, summaries, or thematic issues
Documents that synthesize knowledge are classified according to the following criteria:
Research briefs
This category indexes short documents (2 to 5 pages) created to summarize or disseminate a study, while generally providing a reference to the longer publication.
Posters, infographics, brochures
This category indexes other types of short, visual documents such as infographics, posters, brochures, or information sheets.
Policy documents
This category indexes documents that present government policy directions or community organization recommendations, such as briefs submitted to a consultation, position statements, etc.
Thematic issues
This category allows users to find thematic issues of peer-reviewed journals or edited books (collections of texts by several authors) devoted to health or health services for official language minority communities by indexing the introductory texts of these documents.
Innovative or exemplary practices
This category indexes documents that describe or evaluate practices considered innovative or exemplary for improving the provision of services in the official minority language.
Summary reports
This category indexes short versions of longer research reports (usually published by the authors of the study).
International syntheses
This category allows users to find comprehensive reviews of literature on the health of OLMCs, including studies from several countries.
National syntheses
This category allows users to find comprehensive reviews of literature on the health of OLMCs in Canada.